Notably, the role of GOLPH3 in cancer has only been acknowledged recently, and there is need to further explore how its expression affects the behavior of different types of cancer, including CRC. == Footnotes == Supported by The Scientific Research Fund from the Lenalidomide (CC-5013) Science and Technology Bureau of Quanzhou, China, No . CRC as shown by Spearman correlation analysis (r= -0. 320, P < 0. 05). The 5-year survival rate in GOLPH3-negative CRC (69. 4%) was significantly higher than in GOLPH3-positive CRC (48. 6%) (log-rank test, P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: High expression of GOLPH3 is found in CRC tissues. GOLPH3 expression may be a novel prognostic marker intended for CRC patients. Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Golgi phosphorylation protein 3, Cell apoptosis, Angiogenesis, Prognosis Core tip: Golgi phosphorylation protein 3 (GOLPH3) was identified as a Golgi membrane protein initially and as a new oncogene in recent years. This study reports a notably higher level of GOLPH3 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues compared with normal colorectal mucosae. Positive GOLPH3 expression was significantly associated with tumor invasion depth, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis. In addition , GOLPH3 expression was correlated with cell apoptosis and angiogenesis. Our data suggest that GOLPH3 expression may be a novel prognostic marker for patients with CRC. == INTRO == Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious threat to humans, and the incidence and mortality rate of CRC are high Lenalidomide (CC-5013) in many countries. At present, complete resection is still the main treatment option, however , despite continuing improvements in surgical techniques, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, almost half of patients who receive radical surgery die of tumor metastasis and recurrence. Thus, it is imperative to identify a predictive index of CRC recurrence or metastasis. In addition , an understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism associated with CRC invasion and metastasis is of great importance to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment[1]. The occurrence and Lenalidomide (CC-5013) development of CRC requires the participation of multiple genes, but there is still a lack Lenalidomide (CC-5013) of objective molecular markers to help in the early diagnosis of tumor and prognosis. Thus, it would be of great significance to further explore the pathogenesis of CRC and the resistance mechanism, and identify new targets for tumor targeting therapy. Golgi phosphorylation protein a few (GOLPH3), which was identified as a Golgi membrane protein initially, and as a new oncogene in recent years, is found in a number of organisms and plays a decisive part in morphology and Golgi trafficking[2-4]. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key point in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and is associated with tumor growth and proliferation[3, 5]. Recent research showed that GOLPH3 can promote the proliferation of cancer cells by activating mTOR and may be a new oncogene[5]. However , research on theGOLPH3gene and apoptosis in CRC is relatively rare. In this study, we measured the expression of GOLPH3 BPES1 in CRC tissues to investigate its relationship with cell apoptosis and angiogenesis, and explored the effects of GOLPH3 on the development and prognosis of CRC. == MATERIALS AND METHODS == == Patients and tissue specimens == Group I: This group included 62 CRC patients who underwent surgical resection from February 2012 to July 2012 in Fujian Medical University the Second Affiliated Hospital, and had available tumor samples. A total of 62 CRC tissues were acquired from resected normal mucosae and tumors. The samples were then frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at-80 C. The TNM stages were decided using classification guidelines by the American Joint Committee on Cancer in the 7thedition. The clinicopathological characteristics of the patient cohort are summarized in Table1. Each patient had a complete medical record and did not receive chemoradiotherapy before surgery. == Table 1 . == Relationship between Golgi phosphorylation protein 3 expression in colorectal cancer tissues and clinicopathologic factors GOLPH3: Golgi phosphorylation protein a few. Group II: This group included 123 CRC patients who underwent surgical resection from January 2005 to December 2009 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. All patients (72 males and 51 females) had complete medical records and did not receive chemoradiotherapy before surgery. The age range of the CRC patients was 28-87 years (mean 64. 04 12. 52 years). All patients were followed up by phone or clinic visit for 1 to 93 mo, and the median follow-up period was 62 mo. == Reagents.